Does a Differential Pair Need a Return Plane?

A differential pair is any two transmission lines. When each transmission line has a return plane, its pretty clear how the differential impedance is related to the geometry. But what if there is no... [more]

Routing Digital Boards to Avoid Problems

There are many ways to route a PCB, some much more effective for signals than others. The first design rule is that the board must work properly, so it is important to have a plan that addresses... [more]

PCB Stackup Design and Materials Selection

The objective of this tutorial is to guide design teams through the process of evaluating and selecting the right laminate for a design, creating PCB stackups that meet the requirements of complex,... [more]

Feeding the Beast: Consumption-Based PCB Design

A step-by-step guideline for determining the PCB design requirements based on device energy consumption requirements. Wave cycle times and transmission line capacity form the basis of this... [more]